Aids, Expertise, And The Rise Of American Global Health...

Scrambling for Africa: AIDS, Expertise, and the Rise of American Global Health Science HIV is the virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, commonly known as AIDS. HIV/AIDS has become one of the most destructive global pandemics in history. In 1990, the World Health Organization estimated that over one million people were living with AIDS, and in less than ten years, HIV had exploded worldwide (Perlin Cohen). Johanna Tayloe Crane, a medical anthropologist, dedicated her career to studying the way political and economic inequalities influence how HIV/AIDS is researched and treated for in Africa. Crane complied over ten years of ethnographic research to study a HIV research partnership between a US university and Ugandan universities and clinics. Her book, Scrambling for Africa: AIDS, Expertise, and the Rise of American Global Health Science, unpacks both the American and Ugandan researcher’s and clinicians’ perspectives about the research partnership and cri tiques the U.S. response to the AIDS epidemic in Africa. Her findings reveal the paradox of health institutions and their global health research partnerships benefit from the inequalities they are trying to readdress. These global, economic, and scientific inequalities have allowed Global Health Science research partnerships to establish their own authority over Africa’s HIV/AIDS epidemic. Scrambling for Africa takes the reader through Crane’s journey from her first interaction with an HIV/AIDS patient inShow MoreRelatedTrend Towards Specialization : A Comparative History Of Medical Specialization Essay1467 Words   |  6 Pagesprofessions, and in turn those professions are situated in the larger historical, sociopolitical and economic organization of social welfare and other societal institutions. It is the combination of different global pressures and the local contexts that decided the direction, organization as well as the rise of medical specialization (Pescosoli do 2008). Specialization was essentially a research-driven phenomenon. 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The Effects Of Anxiety Disorders And Situational Anxiety...

Abstract: This research paper summarizes the results of three academic articles exploring the effects of anxiety disorders, and situational anxiety on short term working memory. These three articles all used different methods in attempt to connect anxiety with working memory performance. To summarize, these studies attempt to answer the question of whether or not an attentional bias toward threatening (anxiety triggering) exposure or conditions, causes a greater susceptibility to distraction and reduced STM capacity cognitively. They also explore generalized anxiety patients to see if there is a connection between the condition of anxiety as appose to the response of anxiety. The results of these pieces of research together were mixed or inconclusive to whether anxiety negatively effects the short term working memory. This analyses will be about three research articles and summarizing the studies. 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Comparative Analysis of Two Digital Objects-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Comparison Anaysis of Two Digital Objects. Answer: Critical Evaluation of the Objects Selected The first image is a scenario image which covers the aspect of the modern photography. The image is taken during the day time to put emphasis on the specific details of the picture. It can be noted that the trees have shed their leaves as a strategy to survive the harsh weather condition. In temperate forest across the northern hemisphere such situation with regard to the picture can be seen. It can be concluded that during the period of the picture it must be dry season. The trees that lose their leaves for part of the year are known as deciduous trees. Those that dont are called evergreen trees. From the picture it can also be concluded that very few people actually visit this part of the world due to the harsh weather condition. The lack of people indicates that the harsh weather condition which is defined in the picture scenario does not make it an ideal place to be visited by the people. Image 1: RAW image (Source:https://www.northlightimages.co.uk/portfolio_page/leicestershire/#prettyPhoto[album-1]/4/) The second picture is a picture of a water splash. It can be seen that the water in the defined picture has gone under an intense pressure due to which the water has raisin up considerably. The color of the water is electric blue. This indicates that the image is under the focus of a light which can be accessed through the surface of the water. The picture is a HD image focusing mainly on the aspect of the detailing the surface image of the water. Image 2: PNG image (Source: https://fotki.yandex.ru/next/users/mobil-photo/album/190659/view/462811?page=0) Justification of the impact The primary picture is a RAW picture and it delineates the landscape of old stronghold portal next to the fallen trees. The picture has been clicked toward the finish of the fall season and the picture is differentiating in nature. According to the study it is seen that the image would be helpful for the realizing the impact of human perception and the attribution. It is evident that from the image that the picture had been clicked from an edge delineating the building structure, the trees, and clear sky. It would form the best benefit for the profound development of the integral attributions (Burger and Burge 2016). The scene of the picture is secured with the shadows of the trees demonstrating an ideal blend of the light and feeling of subject. The picture taker did not just concentrate on the working in the picture. It is demonstrated that the effect of the light, trees, and sky on the building. The trees notwithstanding being in the fall season look heavenly similarly as the pict ure taker as appeared. The assessment of the picture had demonstrated that it requires the rearrangements of the picture design for the photo portrayal. The picture had been set for understanding the impact of the enhanced procedures. The picture had shaped the possessive ramifications of the framework investigation and it would shape the examination of the HD illustrations of the picture. The second picture in a PNG picture that demonstrates the water sprinkle in a HD picture quality and it would develop the utilization of the enhanced focal point for the clicking of the picture (Burger and Burge 2016). The image shows the significance of the slow and timely action of the person can bring about the best. It would also show the attribution of the improved processes. The still picture of the water sprinkling has been taken for the acknowledgment of the top notch focal point of the camera. The on time snap of the picture had made it has all the earmarks of being a high wave and with point to point feature of the water bubble. The picture had demonstrated the HD picture of the rearrangements of the picture arrangement for the photo portrayal. The picture had been set for understanding the impact of the enhanced procedures (Morimura et al. 2017). The picture had shaped the possessive ramifications of the framework examination and it would frame the investigation of the HD designs of the picture. We can consider from the image that the images are very different from each other. Putting different aspect of photography into the image and the formation of the image with the due regards to the photographer who has taken the picture. The photographer in both the images tried to put his view point into the specification the image (Soille 2013). Comparison of the images The above images are selected because of the format of the image which is a RAW image. The file is a RAW image file because the image is not yet processed. The RAW file is equivalent to a negative in a film photography which is unprocessed. The RAW file can be converted to any file format of our choice. The conversion usually involves many steps. The format gives more flexibility to the photographer with regard to the adjustments they can make with the image. The image can undergo Demosicing. Demosicing and white balance can improve the quality of the image. Bayer array is a term which is used to make the image more pixilated the gives the image a greenish tent. With color saturation and contrast the image can also be modified (Burger and Burge 2016). RAW image does give the opportunity and tools in order to make the picture perfect. The advantage comes after the image is processed by the user in a later stage. We can call that editing in the raw image. There is a common saying that edit is hard but with raw images there are a variety of tools available (Nakamura 2016). There are also tools which are especially for camera images. Tools named as which balance works just like a camera has but the feature available in order to edit an image is much better with a large variety of options available (Sonka, Hlavac and Boyle 2014). The two images are exactly indicating two totally different aspects. The first image indicates the scenario of a place where the tress shaded all their leaves and the season is a dry season (Plataniotis and Venetsanopoulos 2013). The scenario indicated in the image is such that no people access the area due to reason that the place experience extremely harsh weather condition which is not exactly suitable for human interfacing (Tani and Canon 2016). However the place can be visited during the cold winter season when the heat of the environment is not experienced so much (Liu et al. 2017). The second image is the image of the water splash. The water in the indicated picture must be in an intense pressure which resulted in the splash of the water. The color of the water is due to the concentration of color in it. The color is electric blue which is being highlighted in the water (Fung and Lee 2017). With emphasis on the format of the images RAW images are not RGB images. RAW image files does not contain Exif data which is for the camera setting, even thought this does not affect the quality of the image. The reason for selection of the image is the PNG format of the image. The images that are usually used in the internet are PNG format (Tani 2016). PNG formats have many features that can be implemented while using an image in a website. The main purpose of the creation of the format was the modification and replacement of the GIF (Graphical interchange Format). The main reason for the replacement was that the format did not provide the desired performance in many situations. PNG files do not have the feature to reproduce multiple image file support for example animation (Burger and Burge 2016). The image was supposed to be single frame format only (Liu et al 2016). With regards to editing of the format the mage provides a useful service of variable of intermediate variable stora ge stage in the process of editing. Like TIFF file format the PNG file format leaves no room to pick what features it will support. This implementation results in that a PNG image saved in a particular application in readable in any other PNG supporting application. PNG images are in raster format which means that the image is represented in two dimensional arrays of colored dots which are called pixels (Soille 2013). We can conclude that the images taken in this assignment where meant to be a specific requirement. The main focus point with respect to the first image is that the climatic condition and the view of the trees in the image and in the second images the water which is under some sort of pressure which resulted in a plush creating a particular view of the image. Bibliography Burger, W. and Burge, M.J., 2016. Digital image processing: an algorithmic introduction using Java. Springer. Fung, J. and Lee, J., Google Inc., 2017. Methods and systems for providing sensor data and image data to an application processor in a digital image format. Patent 9,596,443.U.S. Nakamura, J. ed., 2016. Image sensors and signal processing for digital still cameras. CRC press. Plataniotis, K. and Venetsanopoulos, A.N., 2013. Color image processing and applications. Springer Science Business Media. Sonka, M., Hlavac, V. and Boyle, R., 2014. Image processing, analysis, and machine vision. Cengage Learning. Soille, P., 2013. Morphological image analysis: principles and applications. Springer Science Business Media. Tani, M., Canon Kabushiki Kaisha, 2016. Image forming apparatus for forming image on conveyed sheet. Patent Application 15/177,655.U.S. Liu, Y., Chen, H.Y., Liang, K., Hsu, C.W., Chow, C.W. and Yeh, C.H., 2016. Visible light communication using receivers of camera image sensor and solar cell. IEEE photonics journal, 8(1), pp.1-7. Morimura, A., Wang, Q. and Morioka, M., Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd., 2017. Image conversion apparatus, camera, image conversion method, and storage medium with program stored therein. U.S. Patent 9,667,864.